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Evidence to Improve Care

Pressure Injuries

Care for Patients in All Settings

Click below to see a list of brief quality statements and scroll down for more information.​​


Quality standards are sets of concise statements designed to help health care professionals easily and quickly know what care to provide, based on the best evidence. ​

See below for the quality statements and click for more detail.​


Quality Statement 1: Risk and Skin Assessment
People with at least one risk factor for developing a pressure injury undergo a comprehensive risk assessment, including a skin assessment, to determine their level of risk. Those at risk are reassessed on an ongoing basis.


Quality Statement 2: Patient Education and Self-Management
People who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury and their families and caregivers are offered education about pressure injuries, including an overview of the condition; the importance of mobilization and repositioning for pressure redistribution; and who to contact in the event of a concerning change.


Quality Statement 3: Comprehensive Assessment
People with a pressure injury undergo a comprehensive assessment, including an evaluation of risk factors that affect healing to determine the healing potential of the wound.


Quality Statement 4: Individualized Care Plan
People who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury have a mutually agreed-upon individualized care plan that identifies patient-centred concerns and is reviewed and updated regularly.


Quality Statement 5: Support Surfaces
People who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury are provided with appropriate support surfaces based on their assessment.


Quality Statement 6: Repositioning
People who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury receive interventions that enable repositioning at regular intervals, encouraging people to reposition themselves if they are mobile or helping them to do so if they cannot reposition themselves.


Quality Statement 7: Wound Debridement
People with a pressure injury have their wound debrided if it is determined as necessary in their assessment, and if it is not contraindicated. Debridement is carried out by a trained health care professional using an appropriate method.


Quality Statement 8: Local Infection Management
People with a pressure injury and a local infection receive appropriate treatment, including antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial interventions.


Quality Statement 9: Deep/Surrounding Tissue Infection or Systemic Infection Management
People with a pressure injury and suspected deep/surrounding tissue infection or systemic infection receive urgent assessment (within 24 hours of initiation of care) and systemic antimicrobial treatment.


Quality Statement 10: Wound Moisture Management
People with a pressure injury receive wound care that maintains the appropriate moisture balance or moisture reduction in the wound bed.


Quality Statement 11: Surgical Consultation
People who are adherent to treatment and have a stage 3 or 4 healable pressure injury that is not responding to optimal care are referred for a surgical consultation to determine their eligibility for surgical intervention.


Quality Statement 12: Health Care Provider Training and Education
People who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury receive care from health care providers with training and education on the assessment and treatment of pressure injuries.


Quality Statement 13: Transitions in Care
People with a pressure injury who transition between care settings have a team or provider who is accountable for coordination and communication to ensure the effective transfer of information related to their care.

2

Patient Education and Self-Management

People who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury and their families and caregivers are offered education about pressure injuries, including an overview of the condition; the importance of mobilization and repositioning for pressure redistribution; and who to contact in the event of a concerning change.


Providing education to people who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury, and their families and caregivers, can enable them to play an active role in self-examination and care. People involved in self-management can help prevent an initial injury, detect the signs and symptoms of an injury early on, monitor current injuries to determine if they are getting worse, and prevent recurrent injuries. Adherence to prevention and management strategies, such as repositioning and use of appropriate support surfaces, can positively affect outcomes.

To support adherence, people with pressure injuries should receive education on these interventions and how to implement them. Educational materials should consider the person’s condition and level of mobility, and the presence of neurological and cognitive impairment. They should be offered in both oral and written formats, and tailored to a person’s language and education level where possible, to support understanding.

For Patients

If you have a pressure injury or are at risk of developing one, you and your family or caregiver should be taught about pressure injuries and who to contact for help.


For Clinicians

Offer people who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury (as well as their families and caregivers) education about pressure injuries, including an overview of the condition; the importance of mobilization and repositioning for pressure redistribution; and who to contact in the event of a concerning change.


For Health Services

Ensure the availability of educational materials on pressure injuries for people who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury, as well as their families and caregivers.

Process Indicator

Percentage of people who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury who, along with their families and caregivers, are offered education about pressure injuries and who to contact in the event of a concerning change

  • Denominator: number of people who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury

  • Numerator: number of people in the denominator who, along with their families and caregivers, are offered education (such as printed materials, video presentations, and in-person resource/instruction) about pressure injuries and who to contact in the event of a concerning change

  • Data source: local data collection


Structural Indicator

Availability of educational materials on pressure injuries for people who have developed or are at risk of developing a pressure injury, and their families and caregivers

Education

This includes the following topics:

  • What causes pressure injuries

  • How to prevent pressure injuries, including an overview of methods, techniques, and devices

  • Signs and symptoms of pressure injuries

  • Complications associated with pressure injuries

  • Treatments for pressure injuries

  • Risk factors for recurrence of pressure injuries


Concerning changes

These include signs and symptoms of a pressure injury, such as skin discolouration (including redness), skin temperature change, change in pain or new pain, swelling, or odour.

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