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Evidence to Improve Care

Opioid Use Disorder (Opioid Addiction)

Care for People 16 Years of Age and Older

Click below to see a list of brief quality statements and scroll down for more information.


Quality standards are sets of concise statements designed to help health care professionals easily and quickly know what care to provide, based on the best evidence.

See below for the quality statements and click for more detail.


Quality Statement 1: Identifying and Diagnosing Opioid Use Disorder
People at risk of opioid use disorder are asked about their opioid use and are further assessed as appropriate.

Quality Statement 2: Comprehensive Assessment and Collaborative Care Plan
People diagnosed with or identified as having opioid use disorder have a comprehensive assessment and a care plan developed in collaboration with their care providers.

Quality Statement 3: Addressing Physical Health, Mental Health, Additional Addiction Treatment Needs, and Social Needs
People with opioid use disorder have integrated, concurrent, culturally safe management of their physical health, mental health, additional addiction treatment needs, and social needs.

Quality Statement 4: Information to Participate in Care
People with opioid use disorder are provided with information to enable them to participate in their care. If their family is involved, they are also provided with this information.

Quality Statement 5: Opioid Agonist Therapy as First-Line Treatment
People with opioid use disorder are informed that treatment that includes opioid agonist therapy is safer and more effective than treatments that do not include opioid agonist therapy.

Quality Statement 6: Access to Opioid Agonist Therapy
People diagnosed with or identified as having opioid use disorder have access to opioid agonist therapy as soon as possible, within a maximum of 3 days.

Quality Statement 7: Treatment of Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms
People with opioid use disorder who are in moderate or severe withdrawal from opioids are offered relief of their symptoms with buprenorphine/naloxone within 2 hours.

Quality Statement 8: Access to Take-Home Naloxone and to Overdose Education
People with opioid use disorder and their families have immediate access to take-home naloxone and to overdose education.

Quality Statement 9: Tapering Off of Opioid Agonist Therapy
People who have achieved sustained stability on opioid agonist therapy who wish to taper off are supported in a collaborative slow taper if clinically appropriate.

Quality Statement 10: Concurrent Mental Health Disorders
People with opioid use disorder who also have a mental health disorder are offered concurrent treatment for their mental health disorder.

Quality Statement 11: Harm Reduction
People who use opioids have same-day access to harm reduction services. A comprehensive harm reduction approach includes education, safe supplies, infectious disease testing, vaccinations, appropriate referrals, and supervised consumption services.

8

Access to Take-Home Naloxone and to Overdose Education

People with opioid use disorder and their families have immediate access to take-home naloxone and to overdose education.


People with opioid use disorder, their families, and people being released from a correctional facility are more likely than the general population to experience or witness an opioid overdose. People with opioid use disorder being released from correctional facilities are at particularly high risk of overdose owing to their reduced opioid tolerance.

All people with opioid use disorder, and their families as appropriate, and all people being released from correctional facilities should be offered take-home naloxone. People should be taught how to administer naloxone and how to recognize and respond to a potential opioid overdose. When deciding which administration-type of take-home naloxone to offer, consider the formulations available, the individual’s administration skills, and the setting.

For People With Opioid Use Disorder

Naloxone is a drug that helps reverse the effects of an opioid overdose long enough for you to get to the hospital. Your care provider should give you naloxone to take home, and they should teach you how to use it in case you or someone you know has an opioid overdose. If your family is involved in your care, your care provider should also give them naloxone to take home and explain how to use it in case they need to give it to you in an emergency.


For Care Providers

Provide people with opioid use disorder, and their families as appropriate, with take-home naloxone and instructions on how to administer the medication and how to respond in the case of a potential opioid overdose.


For Health Services

Ensure systems, processes, and resources are in place so that all people with opioid use disorder, and their families as appropriate, and all people being released from correctional facilities have access to take-home naloxone, are taught how to use it, and are provided with overdose education, regardless of where the person presents.

Process Indicators

Percentage of people with opioid use disorder and their families who receive take-home naloxone, education on how to use it, and overdose education

  • Denominator: total number of people with opioid use disorder
  • Numerator: number of people in the denominator and/or their families who receive take-home naloxone, education on how to use it, and overdose education
  • Data source: local data collection

Percentage of people with opioid use disorder who receive take-home naloxone and overdose education when released from a correctional facility

  • Denominator: total number of people with opioid use disorder released from a correctional facility
  • Numerator: number of people in the denominator who receive take-home naloxone and overdose education when released
  • Data source: local data collection
Structural Indicator

Local access to take-home naloxone and overdose education for people with opioid use disorder and their families

  • Data source: local data collection
Access to take-home naloxone

Care providers working in all settings, including community clinics and services, pharmacies, hospitals, inpatient addiction programs, mental health care facilities, and correctional facilities, should provide people with take-home naloxone. They should also provide information on how to use naloxone and how to recognize and respond to a potential opioid overdose.

Overdose education

Overdose education should be provided to people when they are given take-home naloxone. In the case of a potential opioid overdose, if a person does not respond to stimulation, it is important to take the following steps:

  1. Call 911 to request emergency assistance
  2. Perform chest compressions
  3. Administer naloxone (may need to be repeated)
  4. Stay with the person until help arrives
 

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