Data Sources
Health Quality Ontario receives quality indicator results from several sources, including the Canadian Institute for Health Information, the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, and Health Shared Services Ontario.
Parts of these online indicators are based on data and information compiled and provided by the Canadian Institute for Health Information. However, the analyses, conclusions, opinions and statements expressed herein are those of the author, and not necessarily those of the Canadian Institute for Health Information.
Data included here is provided by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, which is funded by an annual grant from the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care. The opinions, results and conclusions reported here are those of the authors and are independent from the funding sources. No endorsement by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences or the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care is intended or should be inferred. These datasets were linked using unique encoded identifiers and analyzed at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences.
Registered Persons Database
This database provides basic demographic information about anyone who has ever received an Ontario health card number. It is maintained by the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care and used and enriched by the Institute of Clinical Evaluative Sciences with information from other data sets.
Discharge Abstract Database
The Discharge Abstract Database is maintained by the Canadian Institute for Health Information and houses information on patients treated in acute care hospitals. Every time an acute care hospital discharges a patient, the hospital submits an electronic record to the institute that contains the patient’s demographic information as well as diagnostic and treatment data.
Home Care Database
The Home Care Database is maintained by Health Shared Services Ontario and is a clinical, client-centered database that captures all home care services provided or coordinated by Local Health Integration Networks.
Home Care Reporting System
This system is maintained by the Canadian Institute for Health Information and contains demographic, clinical, functional and resource usage information on patients served by publicly funded home care programs in Ontario. Data in the Home Care Reporting System are collected using the Resident Assessment Instrument - Home Care (RAI-HC), a standardized, multi-dimensional assessment system for determining client needs. It includes clinical assessment protocols, outcome measurement scales and a case mix system. An international consortium of researchers called interRAI developed the tool and Ontario’s Local Health Integration Networks implemented it in 2004.
National Ambulatory Care Reporting System
The National Ambulatory Care Reporting System is maintained by the Canadian Institute for Health Information and contains data for hospital- and community-based emergency and ambulatory care (e.g., day surgery, outpatient clinics). The Canadian Institute for Health Information receives data directly from participating facilities, their respective regional health authorities or the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care.
Risk Adjustments
When interpreting and comparing the results of quality indicators in different populations, regions or over time, it is important to account for the underlying differences in the populations being compared. We call this “risk adjustment” and it allows us to make a fair comparison across groups and to distinguish variation that is due to differences in practice.
Results can be adjusted to account for differences in the age, sex, or other characteristics of people within a certain population. Characteristics such as age can significantly affect people’s health status and their need for health services. By accounting for differences in age, health status and other factors, data can be risk-adjusted so that quality indicators are comparable across the province and over time.
Risk-adjusted quality indicators allow fairer comparisons across Local Health Integration Networks and over time as patient characteristics change. Risk adjustment helps Local Health Integration Networks identify priority areas for quality improvement efforts and makes it easier for them to share information with each other. The data can also be useful for developing benchmarks and standards over time.
If you have a question about reporting on Ontario’s health system, please email us at systemperformance@hqontario.ca